孟子又称孟轲，是战国时期伟大的思想家、教育家、政治家。 孟子继承并发扬了孔子的思想，被认为是继孔子之后儒家学派最重要的代表。孟子继承了孔子的德治思想，主张仁政，即对人民“省刑罚，薄税敛”。1 当权者若无视人民需求或统治残暴，人民可将其推翻或诛灭。孟子还继承了孔子的性善学说，主张性善论。2 他认为人天生具备道德意识，可通过内省和道德教育去保持和扩充，以免腐化堕落。3 孟子对孔子学说的诠释、发展与推广和孔子学说一样对中国传统思想影响深远，二者的思想被称为“孔孟之道”。孟子的思想收录在《孟子》 中，由孟子和其弟子收集记录。《孟子》是四书之一和《论语》一样，是儒家学说的经典之一。
Mencius, also known as Meng Ke, was a great philosopher, educator, and statesman in the Warring States Period. He inherited and developed Confucius’ thought and was identified as the most important representative of Confucianism after Confucius himself. Mencius inherited Confucius’ idea of governing by virtue, advocating a benevolent government which should reduce penalties and taxation toward its people. It is permissible for people to overthrow or kill a ruler who ignores the public’s needs or rules harshly. Mencius also inherited Confucius’ teachings of innate goodness of human nature, asserting the innate goodness of the individual. He argued that human beings are born with an innate moral sense, which could be preserved and expanded through self-examination and moral cultivation to avoid being corrupted. His interpretations, development, and spread of Confucius’ teachings became as influential in traditional Chinese ideology as the ideas of Confucius himself. The thoughts of these two great thinkers are referred to as the "Doctrine of Confucius and Mencius”. Mencius' teachings were recorded in the book Mencius, which was collected and recorded by Mencius and his disciples. Mencius is one of the Four Books, Just like The Analects of Confucius, Mencius is one of the classics of Confucianism.
关于中国文化的翻译会包含一些比较有特色的词汇，所以，同学们对于四级词汇的积累也不能落下。文都四六级考试网，每天都会更新历年四级真题，四级词汇，四级考试信息，欢迎同学们关注。
【责任编辑：lyt】
关注文都四六级微信
