考生在四级翻译部分中总会遇到不少关于补充句子信息的题目会使用到状语从句,学生多多少少会出现一些问题,我们认真来看一下状语从句。状语在句子中可修饰谓语(或其它动词)、形容词、副词或是整个句子,它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是以句子的形式出现,功能没有区别。我们分类看一下:

时间状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。

e.g. When I came into the classroom, the teachers were talking about the examination.

原因状语从句表示原因,最常用的引导连词是because, since, as , now that等。

e.g. They are happy because he passed the examination.

地点状语从句的连词一般是where 和wherever。

e.g. Go to wherever you like.

目的状语从句最常用的词是so, so that, in order that, in case。

e.g. She has left for the train, so that she can get there on time for the meeting.

结果状语从句表示结果。so … that, such … that等引导。

e.g. He has such a nice car that everybody wants to have a look at it.

条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so far as, if only。注意:条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换,另外,虚拟语气也是条件从句的一种表现形式,具体表达的是非现实的情景。

e.g. You may have it so long as you need it .

让步状语从句由although, though, as, even if (though), however, whatever, whether … or, no matter who (when, what, …) 等引导。

e.g. Though she is a child, she is ready to help others.

方式状语从句常由as, as if (though), the way, rather than等引导。

e.g. You must do the homework as I told you.

比较状语从句常用than, so (as) … as, the more … the more等引导。

e.g. I have more book than you have.

我们在使用中需要注意:

1、主将从现:主句是一般将来时,从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。

e.g. We’ll go hiking if it doesn’t snow tomorrow.

2、省略主语:如果从句的主语与主句主语一致,从句的谓语又包含动词be ,就可省略从句中的“主语 + be”。

e.g. If (you are) asked you may hand it in.

下面我们看一下往年的四级翻译试题中的状语从句的考查:

2009年四级翻译第89题:

Scientists agree that it will be a long time ______________(我们找到治愈癌症的方法).

这句话我们首先要想到这是在考察时间状语从句,我们想到使用when 来引导从句,答案可以是:Scientists agree that it will be a long time when we find the solution to cancer.

2008年四级翻译91题:

The anti-virus agent was not known___________________________________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)

“直到”我们会想到使用until, 所以句子可以是until引导的时间状语从句,我们可以填写until a doctor discovered it by chance.

总之,在四级翻译试题中,我们要认真分析所填写的部分是属于什么类型,若是状语从句,然后根据句子意思和逻辑判断是何种状语从句,最后还要注意一下几点注意的情况,比如需要倒装还是省略。

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【文都版】2018年12月英语四级真题答案解析

考后快来四六级吐槽大会,一“吐”为快吧!

【责任编辑:mwk】