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Once it was possible to define male and female roleseasily by the division of labor. Men worked outsidethe home and earned the income to support theirfamilies， while women cooked the meals and tookcare of the home and the children. These roles werefirmly fixed for most people， and there was not much opportunity for women to exchangetheir roles. But by the middle of this century， men‘s and women’s roles were becoming lessfirmly fixed.
In the 1950s，economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But inthe 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in thismovement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented menand women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare， men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact， some young men and women moved to communalhomes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by bothsexes. In addition， many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Someyoung men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.
In terms of numbers， the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But itsinfluence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began tochange their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cutdown on “overtime” work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Somedoctors， lawyers， and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice theirprofessions in poorer neighborhoods.
In the 1970s， the feminist movement， or women‘s liberation， produced additionaleconomic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering thework force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as publicschool teaching， nursing， and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionallymale occupations： police work， banking， dentistry， and construction work. Women wereasking for equal work， and equal opportunities for promotion.
Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles ofmen and women. Naturally， there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.
1.Which of the following best express the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A.Women usually worked outside the home for wages.
B.Men and women‘s roles were easily exchanged in the past.
C.Men’s roles at home were more firmly fixed than women‘s.
D.Men and women’s roles were usually quite separated in the past.
2.Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A.The first sentence.
B.The second and the third sentences.
C.The fourth sentence.
D.The last sentence.
3.In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture___.
A.destroyed the United States.
B.transformed some American values.
C.was not important in the United States.
D.brought people more leisure time with their families.
4.It could be inferred from the passage that___.
A.men and women will never share the same goals.
B.some men will be willing to exchange their traditional male roles.
C.most men will be happy to share some of the household responsibilities with their wives.
D.more American households are headed by women than ever before.
5.The best title for the passage may be ___.
A.Results of Feminist Movements
B.New influence in American Life
C.Counterculture and Its consequence
D.Traditional Division of Male and Female Roles.
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