参考译文:

　　From the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty,theChinese government divided Chinese people into fourclasses:landlord, peasant, craftsman andmerchant.Landlords and peasants constituted thetwo major classes, while merchants and craftsmenwere collected into the two minor ones.Theoretically,except for the position of the Emperor,nothing was hereditary.There was a partial restoration of feudalism when eminent familieswith large amounts of land and huge number of semi-serfs emerged.These families dominatedimportant civilian and military positions of the government,making the positions available tomembers of their own families and clans.Since the Tang dynasty,the government reformed theimperial examination system as an attempt to root out this phenomenon.

　　1.从理论上讲，除了帝位，其他身份都不能世袭:“从理论上讲”可翻译为theoretically;“帝位”可翻译为the positionof the Emperor;“世袭”可用 hereditary 表达。

　　2.显赫家族:可翻译为eminent family。

　　3.封建主义局部复辟:可用partial restoration offeudalism表达；其中“局部的”可翻译为partial。

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