虚拟语气在状语从句中的应用
虚拟语气在as if / as though 引导的方式状语从句中的应用(谓语动词形式与wish后的宾语从句基本相同)
(一) 表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有怀疑,谓语动词用过去式。例如:
① He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had happened. 他感到仿佛唯独他要对发生的一切负责。
② He acts as if he were / was a TV expert. 他做起事来好象是个电视专家。
(二) 表示过去想象中的动作或情况,谓语动词用过去完成式。 例:
The tree looked as if it ______ for a long time.
A. hasn't watered B. didn't water C. hadn't bee watered D. wasn't watered
那棵树看上去好象很久没人给浇水了。(答案是c)
在lest 引导的状语从句中,谓语动词多用虚拟语气,(should )+ 动词原形。例如:
The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _____ himself.
a. injure b. injured c. had injure d. would injure
这个疯子被关进墙上装有衬垫的病房,以免伤了他自己。(答案是a)
在if only 引起的感叹句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式或过去完成式。 例:
Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I ____ your advice.
A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed
if only 引出感叹句,意思是“要是……多好”,表示说话人的一种愿望,希望发生(事实上不可能发生)与过去事实相反的情况。本句的全句意思是:“看我现在的处境多糟糕!要是我听从你的劝告多好”。事实上,句中的“我”没有听从劝告,所以处境很糟糕。 题中空格处应当用虚拟语气,答案是B。
