arc
n. 弧；弧形物；（电）弧光

arch
n. 拱，拱门，拱形结构
an arch bridge 拱桥
[同]bow
v. 拱起，（使）成弓形
Horses arch their necks. 马拱起颈脖。
v. 用拱连接，横跨
A bridge arches the river. 桥横跨在河上。

architect
n.建筑师；（喻），设计师，创造者
[同]founder

architecture
n. 建筑学，建筑术；建筑物；建筑式样

arctic
adj. 北极的，北极区的；极冷的
an arctic wind 寒风

array
vt. 部署（军队等）以备作战，列阵
The soldiers were arrayed on the opposite hill. 士兵被部署在对面山头上。
vt. 穿着，盛装
arrayed like a queen 盛装如皇后
[同]dress
[难点]
an array of … 一大批，一系列

ascend
v. 攀登，上升
The airplane ascended into the cloud. 飞机高高飞入云端。
[反]descend
v. 追溯（to）

ascertain
vt. 查明，弄清，确定
ascertain where the trouble lies 弄清毛病所在
[同]find out

ascribe
vt. 把…归于
[同] attribute
[考点]
ascribe … to sth 把…归功于，归咎于，归因于
They ascribe his success to good luck. = His success was ascribed to good luck.
他们把他的成功归因于幸运。

ashore
adv. 在岸上，
go ashore 离船，登岸

ass
n. 驴；
[同]donkey
n. 愚蠢的人，固执的人
[同]idiot
[难点]
make an ass of oneself 出洋相，做蠢事
make an ass of sb. 捉弄某人

assassinate
vt. 暗杀[同]murder
vt. 中伤，破坏（名誉等）
assault
n. 猛烈而突然的攻击
They made an assault on the enemy’s positions.
他们突袭敌人的阵地。
[同]attack
v. 袭击，突袭
[同]assail
[难点]
make an assault on/upon… 攻击…，袭击…

assert
vt. 宣言，断言
assert one’s innocence 声明自己的清白
[同]declare
vt. 维护，主张，坚持
[同]maintain
[难点]
assert oneself 坚持自己的权利，坚持己见

assessment
n. 估计，评估，估计数额
[同]estimation
[难点]
make/take an assessment of 对…进行估计、评估

assumption
n. 假定，假设
[同]supposition
n. 承当，担任
the assumption of office 就职
n. 自负，傲慢
[难点]
on the assumption that… 假定…
on the condition that… 以…为条件

assurance
n. 自信，把握，胸有成竹
He answered all the questions with assurance. 他有把握地回答了所有的问题。
[同]self-confidence
n. 承诺，担保，保证
We had his assurance that he would help us.
我们得到他愿意帮助我们的承诺。
[同]guarantee
（律）不动产转让（证书）