2010年6月六级词汇突破:词频1-5次
enroll vi.入学,加入vt.招收,吸收
[例]The club will enroll new members the first week in September. (20021词汇)
[译]在九月的周俱乐部将招收新成员。
evoke vt.唤起,引起;使人想起
[例]When people are asked what kind of housing they need or want, the question evokes a variety of answers.(19996词汇)
[译]当人们被问及及需要或想要什么样的住房时,这个问题引起了各种各样的回答。
exhibit vt.显示,陈列,展览 n.展览品
[例]Your qualities will exhibit to employers why they should hire you over other candidates. (20076快速阅读)
[译]你的品质会向雇主展示出为什么他们就应该聘用你而不是其他候选人。
expenditure n.经费,费用;(时间、金钱等)花费,支出
[例]Most government, perhaps all governments, justify public expenditure on scientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific enterprise has brought in the past and will bring in the future.(200512阅读3)
[译]大多数政府,也许是所有国家政府,为科研方面公共开支辩护,主要根据科学企业在过去已经带来并且以后将会带来的经济利益。
expire vi.期满,(期限)终止;死亡
[例]In addition to the their mastery of forging passports, at least three of the 19 Sept. 11 hijackers (劫机者) were here on expired visas.
(20046阅读4)
[译]他们除了有伪造护照外,19名911劫机犯中至少有三名的签证过期。
extent n.广度,范围,程度
[例]By judging to what extent they can eliminate the risks. (20026听力)
[译]通过判断他们能够把风险消除到何种程度。
[用]to a certian extent 在一定程度上, 部分地‖to a great extent 很大程度上, 非常‖to some extent 某种程度上, (多少)有一点‖to the extent of 到…的程度‖to the least extent 极少地, 地‖to the utmost extent 限度地; 极力地。
facilitate vt.使…变得(更容易),使便利
[例]Tractors and other agricultural machines greatly facilitate farming.
[译]拖拉机以及其他农业机械大大方便了农业耕作。
faith n.信任;信心;信仰
[例]This, science will kill religion—not by reason challenging faith but by offering a more practical, universal and rewarding moral framework for human interaction.(20086快速阅读)
[译]科学将毁灭宗教,不是因挑战信仰,而是为人际交往提供了一个更实际的、普遍性的和有益的道德框架。
fake n.假货,赝品;冒充者 a.假的,假装的
[例]If you’re like most people, you’ve indulged in fake listening many times.(200712听力)
[译]如果你像大多数人一样,你已经沉迷于假听很多次了。
fatal a.致命的;灾难性的,毁灭性的;重大的,决定性的
[例]There were fatal mistakes in its design. (20026听力)
[译]它的设计有致命的错误。
flexible a.易弯曲的,灵活的
[例]Flexible Payment: Who says you have to pay for all your conservation investments? (200712快速阅读)
[译]灵活付款:谁说你必须支付所有的节约型投资?
format n.设计,安排;格式,版式 vt.使格式化
[例]If you are sending your CV electronically, check the formatting by sending it to yourself first. Keep the format simple. (200512改错)
[译]如果你要发送电子简历,首先发送给自己检查一下格式,保持格式简单。
furniture n.家具
[例]fixing some furniture (200812听力)
[译]修理一些家具
glance vi.看一下n. 一瞥;扫视
[例]He glanced at the envelope and recognized his uncle’s handwriting.
[译]他瞥了一眼那个信封,认出是他叔父的笔迹。
[用]at a glance(=at (the) first glance) 看一眼,马上‖exchange glances 互相使眼色‖give/take a glance at/to/of/over ... 对…匆匆一看, 一瞥‖with a glance to 考虑/顾及/到‖with a keen glance 快速一瞥‖glance at 匆匆看一下‖glance one’s eye at 匆匆阅读;浏览。
hazard n.危险,公害vt.尝试着做,冒…风险
[例]Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned about the toxic hazard posed by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products.(20051阅读2)
[译]环保主义者和当地政府日益担心旧电子设备造成的有毒危害以及安全回收这些产品的费用。
[用]at all hazards不顾一切风险; 在任何情况下‖at hazard 胡乱地, 随便地;侥幸地‖in hazard在危险中, 受到威胁‖at the hazard of 拼着‖by hazard 偶然, 碰运气‖run the hazard冒险。
highlight vt.强调,突出,使显著n.最精彩的部分,最重要的事件
[例]It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. (20066阅读4)
[译]更重要的是,这是一场教育运动,突出了当前“种族亏欠”的事实:黑人,无论哪个阶层,都受到不平等冲击。
household n.家庭,户;家务a.家庭的;家喻户晓的
[例]More than half of all residential power goes into running household appliances, producing a fifth of the world’s carbon emissions.(200712快速阅读)
[译]一半以上的住宅用电用于运行家用电器,这产生了全世界五分之一的二氧化碳排放量。
humanity n.人类;[总称]人;人性;人道;人文学科
[例]To the author, the auction of his great瞘randfather is a typical example of crime against humanity (20066阅读4)
[译]对于作者来说,他曾祖父被拍卖就是一个违反人性的犯罪的典型例子。
illuminate vt.照明,照亮;阐明,启发
[例]The streets were illuminated for the celebration.
[译]街道为了庆祝而张灯结彩。
immigrant n.移民,侨民
[例]The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United States has been creeping upward for years. (200812阅读2)
[译]在美国,移民的百分比(包括那些非法移民)多年来一直在逐渐攀升。
impart vt.告知,透露,赋予,给予
[例]The red curtains impart a certain elegance to the room.
[译]红色的窗帘给房间平添几分雅致。
indispensable a.必不可少的,必需的
[例]Mainstream pro瞞arket economists all agree that competition is an indispensable spur to efficiency and innovation. (20066词汇)
[译]主流市场的经济学家都一致认为,竞争是效率和创新的一种不可缺少的激励因素。
[辨]essential, indispensable, necessary
这是一组意思相近的形容词。essential表示属于某事物的要素或特征是“主要的,核心的,本质的,必不可少的”,如:The essential point is we must do what the contract says.核心的一点是我们必须按照合同的规定去做。indispensable强调客观上是必不可少的,否则就无法维持生命或做不成某一件事,如:Warm clothing is indispensable in cold weather.在寒冷的天气里,厚衣服是必不可少的。necessary一般用语,强调从主观上看是必须的,不可避免的。
indulge vt.使(自己)沉溺于;纵容,迁就
[例]If you’re like most people, you’ve indulged in fake listening many times. (200712听力)
[译]如果你像大多数人一样,你已经沉迷于假听很多次了。
[用]indulge in 沉溺于; 纵情享受。
initiative n.主动性,首创精神;主动的行动,倡议,主动权
[例]I told the German official at the time that I was sure the initiative would fail. (20086完形)
[译]我当时告诉德国官员说我确定主动权会丧失。
insect n.昆虫,虫
[例]Because we might be offered a dish of insects. (20046听力)
[译]因为我们可能会被提供一盘昆虫。
instinct n.本能;直觉,天性
[例]Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, while animal behavior depends mainly on instinct (而动物的行为主要依靠本能). (200712翻译)
[译]人类行为主要是学习的产物,而动物的行为主要依靠本能。
institute n.研究所,学院vt.建立,设立
[例]Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to their schools,“says Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center”. (20096快速阅读)
[译]纽约大学儿童研究中心养育研究所的主任理查德·加拉格尔博士说,“许多人靠自己做这件事情,因为他们没有其他办法到他们的学校”。
integrity n.正直,诚实;完整,完善
[例]It questions the integrity of individuals working in a profession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue. (200512阅读3)
[译]它质疑工作人员的正直诚实,而这些人工作的行业把学术诚实珍视为美德。
interfere vt.干涉,干预,妨碍
[例]A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a child's every movement via the Internet-without seeming to interfere or hover. (20096快速阅读)
[译]新一代带有跟踪软件的GPS手机使人们比以往任何时候都更容易通过互联网追踪孩子的每一个动作-似乎并没有干扰或悬停。
[辨]interfere, intervene, interrupt, disturb
这几个词都有“干扰”的意思。interfere干涉,妨碍。常指干涉或妨碍他人(的事),着重指有影响,当“干涉”讲时,后多接in,当“妨碍,打扰”时后多接with,如:We all have no right to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries.我们所有人都没有权利干涉别国内政。intervene干涉,干预,较为正式,常指带有行动的干预;此外,还有“调停”的意思,如:They were about to fight when their friends intervened.他们的朋友出来调停时,他们已经快要打起来了。interrupt打扰,打断,阻碍。常有“使…停止(中断)”的意思,如:Her speech was constantly interrupted by applause.她的讲话频频被掌声所打断。disturb打扰,妨碍。常指失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生,如:I’m sorry to disturb you so early.对不起,我这么早打扰你。
intervene vi.干涉,干预,干扰,阻挠
[例]I shall leave on Sunday if nothing intervenes.
[译]若没有什么事情发生的话,我会在星期天动身。
intricate a.错综复杂的,复杂精细的
[例]You develop in-depth knowledge of the intricate structure of the language. (20096听力)
[译]你对语言的复杂结构有了深入了解。
[辨]brittle, fragile, frail, crisp, invalid
这一组形容词都有“弱”的意思。brittle易碎的,易损坏的,通常是指坚硬的东西,如:The bones of elderly people become brittle and easily broke n.老年人的骨头变得脆弱,很容易骨折。fragile常常修饰使用时必须小心才不会破碎的东西,也引申为体弱的,虚弱的,如:This glass dish is very fragile. 这玻璃碟子十分易碎。frail(指人)体弱的,虚弱的(东西)易碎的,如:She feels a bit frail. 她感觉身体有点虚弱。crisp(食品)松脆;清新的,爽快的;活跃的,有生气的,干净利落的,如:crisp biscuit松脆的饼干;The boy gave a clear, crisp answer to the teacher’s question.那个男孩干净利落地回答了老师的问题。invalid不正确的,缺乏证据的;无效的,作废的。n.表示病弱者,伤残者,久病者,如:This certificate is invalid. 这张证明已失效。
intrinsic a.固有的,本质的,内在的
[例]Diamonds have little intrinsic value and their price depends almost entirely on their scarcity. (20036词汇)
[译]钻石没有什么内在价值,其价格几乎完全依靠它的稀缺。
invariably ad.不变地,始终如一地,总量
[例]It invariably rains when I go on vacation.
[译]我去度假时老是下雨。
invest v.投资,投入;授予
[例]These companies have invested millions, believing that the space tourism industry is on the verge of taking off. (20061快速阅读)
[译]这些公司已经投入数百万,认为太空旅游行业即将蓬勃发展。
irony n.反语;冷嘲;具有讽刺意味的事,嘲弄
[例]But here’s the crazy irony, I don’t want my child瞗ree life back. (200512阅读1)
[译]但这是疯狂的讽刺,我不想回到我没有孩子的那种生活。
linger vi.(因不愿离开而)继续逗留;继续存在,缓慢消失
[例]Elisabeth did not enter the museum at once, but lingered in the courtyard. (20046词汇 65)
[译]伊丽莎白没有立即进入博物馆,而是在院子里徘徊。
logical a.逻辑的,合乎常理的
[例]It is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance survival.(20039阅读3)
[译]这是合乎逻辑的,假设哭泣有一个或多个生存率的功能。
machinery n.机器,机械
[例]These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. (20041阅读4)
[译]这些技术的奇迹可能尚不是社区医院设备的一部分,但是一些机械正逐渐设法融入平民药品行业。
mild a.温柔的;温暖的,轻微的
[例]Scientists estimate that 10 million Americans suffer from seasonal depression and 25 million more develop milder versions. (20056阅读4)
[译]科学家们估计有1000万美国人患有季节性抑郁症并且2500多万程度较轻。
mingle vt.使混合,使相混 vi.混合起来,相混合
[例]Now the cheers and applause mingled in a single sustained roar. (20056词汇)
[译]现在,观众的欢呼声和掌声交织成了持续的轰鸣声。
misfortune n.不幸,厄运;灾难,灾祸
[例]Such misfortune should have fallen on him. (20076听力)
[译]这种不幸应该落在他身上。
mobile a.运动的;流动的;多变的 n.移动电话
[例]But for mobile phones, our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.(200712翻译)
[译]要不是手机,我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便。
modest a.谦虚的;适度的;羞怯的
[例]Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self瞖ducated, self瞞ade man, who rose from modest origins to become a well瞜nown scientist, philosopher, and statesman. (200512阅读2)
[译]本杰明·富兰克林堪称自我教育、自力更生的楷模。他出身贫寒,却成了一位的科学家、哲学家和政治家。
motive n.动机,目的
[例]People with poor motives will always exist.(20061阅读2)
[译]怀有不良动机的人会永远存在。
multiple a.复合的,多重的,多样的n.倍数
[例]We use the hall for multiple purposes.
[译]这个大厅我们有多种用途。
multiply v.增加;繁殖;乘
[例]Advanced societies need economic growth to satisfy the multiplying wants of their citizens. (20076阅读1)
[译]先进社会需要经济增长以满足人民不断增加的需求。
negotiate v.洽谈,协商,谈判;顺利通过,成功越过
[例]The government will not negotiate with the terrorists.
[译]政府决不与恐怖分子谈判。
obedient n.服从的,顺从的
[例]Students are expected to be quiet and obedient in an Asian classroom. (20041词汇)
[译]在亚洲的教室里,学生要保持安静和听话。
oppress vt.压迫,压制;使(心情)沉重,使烦恼
[例]For years now, the people of that faraway country have been cruelly opperssed by a dictator. (20006词汇)
[译]多年来,那个遥远国家的人民一直受到独裁者的残酷压迫。
optimistic a.乐观的,乐观主义的
[例]They were quite optimistic about their future.(20096听力)
[译]他们对未来相当乐观。
orientation n.方向,目标,方位;适应,熟悉,情况介绍
[例]Brin, who had met Page at a student orientation a year earlier, joined the project early on.(20076阅读A)
[译]布林早些时候加入了这个项目,一年前他在学生入学指导时见到了佩吉。
output n.产量;输出,输出功率vt.输出(信息、数据等)
[例]Phasing old bulbs out by 2030 would save the output of 650 power plants and avoid the release of 700 million tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year.(200712快速阅读)
[译]截至到2030年,逐步淘汰旧灯泡,会节省650家发电厂的发电量并且避免每一年700亿吨碳释放到大气中。
overcome vt.战胜,克服;(感情等)压倒,使受不了
[例]Rodney Brooks, professor of robotics at MIT, says the problems of developing artificial intelligence for robots will be at least partly overcome. (20086快速阅读)
[译]麻省理工学院一位研究机器人的教授罗德尼·布鲁克斯说,目前至少部分克服了发展人工智能机器人过程中遇到的问题。
[辨]vanquish, conquer, overcome
这是一组都有“克服”之意的动词。vanquish“克服”,指彻底地打败对手,有“胜利已成定局”的意思。打败的对象,只可用于人。如: He vanquished his opponent.他一举打垮了他的对手。conquer“克服”,“征服”。常有控制或占有的含义,但并没有彻底而完全征服的意思。如: Man can conquer nature.人能征服自然。overcome v. “克服”,普通用语。指克服任何必须克服的东西,如:The fire was completely overcome by daybreak.黎明时大火已被完全扑灭。
owe vt.欠;把…归功于;感激,感恩
[例]Why not work out some system whereby they can pay back the debts they owe society instead of incurring another debt by going to prison, and of course, coming under the influence of hardened criminals? (20086听力)
[译]为什么不制定一些制度,由此他们能偿还他们欠社会的债务,而不是负担另一项债务而入狱?当然,这是因为考虑到“顽固的囚犯”的影响。
perception n.感知(能力),觉察力;认识观念,看法
[例]Parents have to learn how to follow a bady’s behavior and adapt the tone of their perceptions to the bady’s capabilities. (20056词汇)
[译]家长们要了解如何效仿婴儿的行为并改变他们的感知方式来发展婴儿的能力。
(略)
节选自 《大学英语四六级考试词汇突破》

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