2022年6月英语四级语法用法:before的用法

  英语四级语法知识:before的用法

  一、可以用作介词

  ⒈)指时间上早于,在……之前,如:

  She has lived here since before the war.

  她从战前就一直在这儿住。

  ⒉)指位置在前面,如:

  We knelt down before Grandma's grave.

  我们在奶奶的墓前跪下。

  ⒊)指顺序或排列在之前,如:

  Your name comes before mine on the list.

  名单上你的名字在我之前。

  ⒋)在某人面前,如:

  She said it before the witness.

  他是当着证人的面说的。

  二、作为连词

  其基本含义是“在……之前”,又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成“才”、“还没来得及就……”、“趁……”、“就”等。具体用法如下:

  ⒈)与情态动词can/could连用

  这时候从句虽为肯定形式,根据汉语表达习惯译成“还没来得及就”,如:

  Before I could get in a word,he had measured me.

  我还没来得及插话他就为我量好了尺寸。

  Before she could move,she heard a loud noise,which grew to a terribl eroar.

  她还没来得及迈步,就听见一声巨响,接着就是可怕的隆隆轰鸣。

  ⒉)用于肯定句中强调主句所表达的时间,距离长,或花费的精力大,译成“才”

  We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw lands.

  我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。

  We waited a long time before the train arrived.

  我们等了很长时间火车才到。

  ⒊)用于否定句中,强调主句所表达的时间,距离短,或花费的精力小,译成“不到……就”如:

  We hadn't run a mile before he felt tired.

  我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。

  ⒋)主句含有hardly,scarcely等半否定副词时可以译为“刚……就”

  这时候主句应用过去完成时态,从句用过去时,还可以用when替代before如:

  We had scarcely reached the school before/when the bell rang.

  我们刚到学校铃声就响了。

  ⒌)有时还有“宁愿”的意思

  I'd shoot myself before I apologized to him.我宁死也不向他道歉。

  ⒍)用于It+be/take+时间段+before句型

  在这一句型中又可以根据主从句的时态分成两种情况。

  若主句是一般时将来时态,从句是一般现在时.若主句是肯定句意思是“要过多长时间才”;若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就”。

  It will be two weeks before everything returns to normal.

  两周之后一切才能恢复正常。

  It will be many years before the situation improves.

  这种状况或许要过许多年才能得以改善。

  It won't be long before we meet again.用不了多久我们就会再见面的。

  这时若主句是一般过去时从句也是一般过去时。若主句是肯定句翻译成“多长时间之后才”,若主句是否定形式翻译成“没过多久就”。如:

  It was some time before I realized the truth.

  过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。

  It wasn't long before she became a brave solider.

  没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士。

  After that it still took seven years before they got married.

  他们又过了七年才结婚。

  注意:当主句的谓语动词为延续性动词时,before与until有时可以互换。It was an hour before/until the police arrived.

  巩固练习

  ⒈(2004天津)It was evening ________ we reached the little town of Winchester.

  Athat B.until C.since D.before

  2.(2004全国)Several weeks had gone by ________ realized the painting was missing.

  A.as B.before C.since D.when

  3.(2005广东)The America Civil War lasted four years ______ the North won in the end.

  A.after B.before C.when D.then

  4.(2005山东)It was some time _______ we realized the truth.

  A.when B.until C.since D.before

  5.(2006四川)Why didn't you tell him about the meeting?

  He rushed out of the classroom _______ I could say a word.

  A.before B.until C.when D.after

  6.(2006福建)How long do you think it will be __ china sends a manned spaceship to the moon?

  Perhaps two or three years.

  Awhen B.until C.that D.before

  参考答案:DBBDAD

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