2019年12月的大学英语六级考试即将如期而至，毫无疑问，单词基础很重要，历年真题的练习也非常必要，但除此之外，希望各位同学能有差别地去准备试卷上不同模块的备考，认真总结解题思路，这很可能会对各位起到锦上添花的效果。今天文都四六级为大家分享2019年12月历年英语六级阅读真题下载段落匹配1，希望对您有所帮助。
英语六级阅读真题下载段落匹配1
The American Workplace Is Broken. Here's HowWe Can Start Fixing It.
[A] Americans are working longer and harder hoursthan ever before. 83% of workers say they'restressed about their jobs, nearly 50% say work-related stress is interfering with their sleep, and60% use their smartphones to check in with workoutside of normal working hours. No wonder only13% of employees worldwide feel engaged in their occupation.
[B] Glimmers (少许) of hope, however, are beginning to emerge in this bruising environment: Americans are becoming aware of the toll their jobs take on them, and employers are exploringways to alleviate the harmful effects of stress and overwork. Yet much more work remains tobe done. To call stress an epidemic isn't exaggeration. The 83% of American employeeswho are stressed about their jobs--up from 73% just a year before--say that poorcompensation and an unreasonable workload are their number-one sources of stress. And ifyou suspected that the workplace had gotten more stressful than it was just a few decadesago, you're right. Stress levels increased 18% for women and 24% for men from 1983 to 2009. Stress is also starting earlier in life, with some data suggesting that today's teens are evenmore stressed than adults.
[C] Stress is taking a significant toll on our health, and the collective public health cost may beenormous. Occupational stress increases the risk of heart attack and diabetes, acceleratesthe aging process, decreases longevity, and contributes to depression and anxiety, amongnumerous other negative health outcomes. Overall, stress-related health problems accountfor up to 90% of hospital visits, many of them preventable. Your job is "literally killing you," as The Washington Post put it. It's also hurting our relationships. Working parents say they feelstressed, tired, rushed and short on quality time with their children, friends and partners.
[D] Seven in 10 workers say they struggle to maintain work-life balance. As technology (andwith it, work emails) seeps (渗入) into every aspect of our lives, work-life balance has becomean almost meaningless term. Add a rapidly changing economy and an uncertain future to this24/7 connectivity, and you've got a recipe for overwork, according to Phyllis Moen. "There'srising work demand coupled with the insecurity of mergers, takeovers, downsizing and otherfactors," Moen said. "Part of the work-life issue has to talk about uncertainty about thefuture."
[E] These factors have converged to create an increasingly impossible situation with manyemployees overworking to the point of burnout. It's not only unsustainable for workers, but alsofor the companies that employ them. Science has shown a clear correlation between highstress levels in workers and absenteeism (旷工), reduced productivity, disengagement andhigh turnover. Too many workplace policies effectively prohibit employees from developing ahealthy work-life balance by barring them from taking time off, even when they need it most.
[F] The U. S. trails far behind every wealthy nation and many developing ones that have family-friendly work policies including paid parental leave, paid sick days and breast-feeding support, according to a 2007 study. The U. S. is also the only advanced economy that does notguarantee workers paid vacation time, and it's one of only two countries in the world that doesnot offer guaranteed paid maternity leave. But even when employees are given paid time off, workplace norms and expectations that pressure them to overwork often prevent them fromtaking it. Fulltime employees who do have paid vacation days only use half of them on average.
[G] Our modern workplaces also operate based on outdated time constraints. The practice ofclocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution, asreflected in the then-popular saying, "Eight hours labor, eight hours recreation, eight hoursrest."
[H] We've held on to this workday structure--but thanks to our digital devices, many employeesnever really clock out. Today, the average American spends 8.8 hours at work daily, and themajority of working professionals spend additional hours checking in with work duringevenings, weekends and even vacations. The problem isn't the technology itself, but that thetechnology is being used to create more flexibility for the employer rather than theemployee. In a competitive work environment, employers are able to use technology todemand more from their employees rather than motivating workers with flexibility thatbenefits them.
[I] In a study published last year, psychologists coined the term "workplace telepressure" todescribe an employee's urge to immediately respond to emails and engage in obsessivethoughts about returning an email to one's boss, colleagues or clients. The researchers foundthat telepressure is a major cause of stress at work, which over time contributes to physicaland mental burnout. Of the 300 employees participating in the study, those who experiencedhigh levels of telepressure were more likely to agree with statements assessing burnout, like"I've no energy for going to work in the morning," and to report feeling fatigued andunfocused. Telepressure was also correlated with sleeping poorly and missing work.
[J] Harvard Business School professor Leslie Perlow explains that when people feel thepressure to be always "on," they find ways to accommodate that pressure, includingaltering their schedules, work habits and interactions with family and friends. Perlow calls thisvicious cycle the "cycle of responsiveness": Once bosses and colleagues experience anemployee's increased responsiveness, they increase their demands on the employee's time. And because a failure to accept these increased demands indicates a lack of commitment toone's work, the employee complies.
[K] To address skyrocketing employee stress levels, many companies have implementedworkplace wellness programs, partnering with health care providers that have createdprograms to promote employee health and well-being. Some research does suggest thatthese programs hold promise. A study of employees at health insurance provider Aetnarevealed that roughly one quarter of those taking in-office yoga and mindfulness classesreported a 28% reduction in their stress levels and a 20% improvement in sleep quality. These less-stressed workers gained an average of 62 minutes per week of productivity. Whileyoga and meditation (静思) are scientifically proven to reduce stress levels, these programsdo little to target the root causes of burnout and disengagement. The conditions creating thestress are long hours, unrealistic demands and deadlines, and work-life conflict.
[L] Moen and her colleagues may have found the solution. In a 2011 study, she investigatedthe effects of implementing a Results Only Work Environment (ROWE. on the productivity andwell-being of employees at Best Buy's corporate headquarters.
[M] For the study,325 employees spent six months taking part in ROWE, while a control groupof 334 employees continued with their normal workflow. The ROWE participants were allowed tofreely determine when, where and how they worked--the only thing that mattered was thatthey got the job done. The results were striking. After six months, the employees whoparticipated in ROWE reported reduced work-family conflict and a better sense of control oftheir time, and they were getting a full hour of extra sleep each night. The employees were lesslikely to leave their jobs, resulting in reduced turnover. It's important to note that the increasedflexibility didn't encourage them to work around the clock. "They didn't work anywhere andall the time--they were better able to manage their work," Moen said. "Flexibility and control iskey," she continued.
36. Workplace norms pressure employees to overwork, deterring them from taking paid timeoff.
37. The overwhelming majority of employees attribute their stress mainly to low pay andan excessive workload.
38. According to Moen, flexibility gives employees better control over their work and time.
39. Flexibility resulting from the use of digital devices benefits employers instead of employees.
40. Research finds that if employees suffer from high stress, they will be less motivated, lessproductive and more likely to quit.
41. In-office wellness programs may help reduce stress levels, but they are hardly anultimate solution to the problem.
42. Health problems caused by stress in the workplace result in huge public health expenses.
43. If employees respond quickly to their job assignments, the employer is likely to demandmore from them.
44. With technology everywhere in our life, it has become virtually impossible for mostworkers to keep a balance between work and life.
45. In America today, even teenagers suffer from stress, and their problem is even moreserious than grown-ups'.
六级阅读理解参考答案：
36.F
37.B
38.M
39.H
40.E
41.K
42.C
43.J
44.D
45.B
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