备考指导

　　非谓语动词考查特点

　　1) 谓语动词与非谓语动词的判断

　　对谓语动词与非谓语动词区别的考查主要集中在独立主格结构，

　　如： all things ___ because of the snowstorm， many passengers could do nothing but take the train。

　　A.had been canceled B. have been canceled C.were canceled D. having been canceled

　　四个选项中有叁个是谓语动词，只有D是非谓语动词，只要同学们能判断出这里是非谓语动词做状语，则不用考虑时态的问题，答案自明。

　　2) 谓语动词后不定式与动名词的选择谓语动词后接不定式还是接动名词也是四级语法测试中的一个题眼。

　　如：① i don‘t mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late。

　　a。 you to delay making b。 your delaying making c。 your delaying to make d。 you delay to make

　　② had i remembered ____ the windows， the thief would not have got in。

　　a。 to close b。 closing c。 to have closed d。 having closed

　　③ your hair wants ______ 。you‘d better have it done tomorrow。

　　a。 cut b。 to cut c。 cutting d。 being cut

　　这类题涉及叁个方面： 谓语动词后应该接不定式还是动名词? 即可接不定式又可接动名词时，结构和意思上有何差别? 不定式与动名词用主动形式还是用被动形式?

　　3) 做定语的非谓语动词的选择

　　从近几年的考查情况来看，对做定语的非谓语动词的考查有两种情况：

　　(1)对一般概念的考查，而不是固定结构中的非谓语动词做定语。

　　如：① the project ____ by the end of 2000， will expand the city‘s telephone network to cover 1，000，000 users。

　　a。 accomplished b。 being accomplished c。 to be accomplished d。 having been accomplished

　　(2)对固定结构的考查，如：

　　① the professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his arguments in favor of the new theory。

　　a。 to be based on b。 to base on c。 which to base on d。 on which to base

　　② the pressure _____ causes americans to be energetic， but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain。

　　a。 to compete b。 competing c。 to be competed d。 having competed

　　①题为不定式做定语的固定形式，答案为d，②题为某些特定名词的定语结构，答案为a。在英语中有些名词，如动词变来的名词，形容词变来的名词，以及means， way， time， moment， reason等要求其后用不定式做定语，不定式没有体的变化。

　　4) 做状语的非谓语动词的选择 做状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的选择，如：

　　① ______ the earth to be flat， many feared that columbus would fall off the edge of the earth。

　　a。 having believed b。 believing c。 believed d。 being believed

　　② _______ a teacher in a university， it is necessary to have at least a master‘s degree。

　　a。 to become b。 become c。 one becomes d。 on becoming